Japanese economy

Japanese economy

Japan’s Primary Balance Target: Fiscal Reality or a Path to Public Hardship?

Japan’s fiscal deficit often sparks alarm, but macroeconomic data show it directly supports private sector savings. Explore why the Primary Balance (PB) surplus target may harm growth and how Japan’s debt-to-GDP ratio should be understood.
Japanese economy

Japan’s Economy in 2025: Outlook, Growth, and Key Challenges

Japan’s economy in 2025 shows modest GDP growth of 1.0% but faces challenges including inflation, weak yen, and record public debt. Discover the latest Japanese economic outlook, risks, and opportunities for investors and businesses.